Poor Man's Covered Call
Overview
Ever wanted to run a covered call strategy but didn't have the capital to buy hundreds of shares of your favorite stocks? Enter the Poor Man's Covered Call (PMCC) – the budget-friendly alternative that lets you play in the options income game without breaking the bank.
Despite its somewhat unfortunate name, there's nothing "poor" about the strategy's potential. It's actually a clever diagonal spread that mimics a traditional covered call by substituting a long-term deep in-the-money call option (often called a LEAPS) for the stock itself. Think of it as getting the benefits of stock ownership at a fraction of the cost, while still collecting those sweet call premiums along the way.
Key Characteristics
- Market Outlook: "I'm bullish on this stock long-term, but I'd like to generate some income while I wait"
- Risk: Limited to the cost of the LEAPS call option (much less than owning the actual stock)
- Profit Potential: Premium income from short calls plus potential appreciation of the LEAPS call
- Breakeven Points: LEAPS strike price + LEAPS premium paid - premiums collected from short calls
When to Use
The Poor Man's Covered Call might be your go-to strategy when:
- You want to run a covered call strategy but don't have enough capital to buy 100 shares outright
- You're bullish on a stock over the long term but want to reduce your cost basis through premium collection
- You want to limit your downside risk compared to owning the actual stock
- You're looking for a strategy with better capital efficiency and potentially higher ROI than traditional covered calls
- You want the flexibility to adjust your position as market conditions change
- You're comfortable with a slightly more complex options strategy than a basic covered call
Real-World Example
Let's walk through a concrete example to see how this works in practice. Imagine XYZ stock is currently trading at $100 per share.
- Step 1: Buy the LEAPS Call Option
- Instead of buying 100 shares of XYZ for $10,000, you purchase a deep in-the-money LEAPS call with a $70 strike price expiring in 12 months for $35 per share ($3,500 for the contract)
- This LEAPS option has a delta of approximately 0.80, meaning it behaves very similarly to owning 80 shares of the stock
- You've just saved $6,500 in capital compared to buying the shares outright!
- Step 2: Sell Short-Term Call Options
- Now you sell a call option with a $105 strike price (slightly out-of-the-money) expiring in 30 days for $3 per share ($300 for the contract)
- This is your first premium collection – the income part of the strategy
- Step 3: Manage the Position
- If XYZ stays below $105 at expiration, your short call expires worthless, and you keep the entire $300 premium
- You can then sell another call for the next month and continue collecting premiums
- If XYZ rises above $105, you have options: you can roll the short call up and out, or you can close the entire position for a profit
- Let's say you're able to sell calls for 10 months, collecting about $300 each time for a total of $3,000 in premium income
- That's a return of 85.7% on your initial $3,500 investment just from premium collection!
- And if XYZ appreciates during that time, your LEAPS call will increase in value as well
The beauty of the PMCC is that you're getting similar benefits to a traditional covered call but with much less capital at risk and potentially higher percentage returns. It's like getting the keys to a luxury car by just paying for the down payment instead of the full sticker price.
The Good Stuff
- Significantly lower capital requirement than a traditional covered call (often 20-40% of the stock price)
- Limited downside risk – you can only lose what you paid for the LEAPS option
- Higher potential ROI due to the lower capital outlay
- Ability to generate consistent income through selling calls against your LEAPS position
- Leverage – the LEAPS call gives you exposure to 100 shares for a fraction of the cost
- Flexibility to adjust your position as market conditions change
- Can be used on higher-priced stocks that might otherwise be out of reach
The Not-So-Good Stuff
- More complex than a traditional covered call – requires understanding diagonal spreads
- The LEAPS option loses value over time (time decay), unlike owning the actual stock
- No dividend income (unlike owning the actual shares)
- Assignment risk if your short call goes in-the-money (requires careful management)
- Potentially higher transaction costs due to managing multiple options
- Requires more active management than a traditional covered call
- Bid-ask spreads on LEAPS can be wider, potentially increasing your entry/exit costs
Playing It Smart
- Choose LEAPS with at least 9-12 months until expiration to minimize the impact of time decay
- Look for LEAPS with a delta of 0.70 or higher to closely mimic stock ownership
- Select a LEAPS strike price that's at least 10-15% in-the-money for stability
- Sell short-term calls with strikes above your LEAPS strike to maintain a positive spread
- Be mindful of earnings announcements and other major events that could cause significant price swings
- Consider closing or rolling your short calls if they approach being in-the-money to avoid assignment complications
- Have an exit plan for your LEAPS – either roll it forward when it has 3-4 months left or close the entire position
- Track your cost basis carefully – each premium you collect effectively reduces your cost in the LEAPS
- Start with stocks you understand well and that have liquid options markets